Liver Transplant India, Cost of Liver Transplant, Liver Transplant Hospitals, Liver Transplant Surgeons, Liver Transplant in India, Expense of Liver Transplant, India Liver Transplant, Liver Transplant Cost

For complete, latest, authentic, up-to-date and simplified information related to all aspects of Liver Transplant in India, Do Visit Patron Website:

Liver Transplant medicines like Pangraf, Prograf, Cell Cept, My Cept, Hep B, El Hep, Hepa Big, Human Albumin Injection and their possible side effects?

What is Living Donor Organ Donation?

Best Liver Transplant Facility and Surgeons in India.

Is the Liver Transplant Last Option for me?

Where to get Extremely Costly Medicines at Minimum Possible Rate?

How can you arrange the expenses?

What is Cadaver Donation?

What are types of Liver Transplant

Where to apply for Cadaveric Organ?

What are Dark and Bright Sides of Liver Transplant?

???? 100s of Other Questions ????

There are Hundreds of Questions in the Minds of Liver Disease Patients and their Family Members. Get Answers to all such Questions and Best Guidance Regarding Liver Transplant at Patron Website:

www.indialivertransplant.com

An Informed decision about Liver Transplant is necessary for Best Results and for Removing Unnecessary Costs.

Consult regarding Liver, Liver Disease, Pre-Transplant Preparation, Peri or Post Transplant Care or any queries related to this field. To get the best result out of this life-saving procedure of Liver Transplant, it is advisable to LOOK before you LEAP. A sincere Consultation and Patient Education Session related to Liver Diseases and Liver Transplantation can Solve 100s of Problems & 1000s of Queries , which will ultimately Save Lacs of your Hard-earned money.

Send your following reports for an expert opinion:

CBC, LFT, PT(INR), S.Creatinine, USG/CT Scan Abdomen

India Liver

Liver Transplantation

Liver Transplantation is widely accepted as an effective therapeutic modality for a variety of irreversible acute and chronic liver diseases for which no satisfactory therapy is available. Following the first unsuccessful efforts at human liver transplantation in 1963, development of the procedure evolved at first slowly and steadily for 20 years and then rapidly over the past tow decades. The growth of liver transplantation was facilitated by the conclusion of National Institute of Health Consensus Development Conference in 1983 that liver transplantation is not an experimental procedure but an effective therapy that deserves broader application.

The phenomenon of Liver Transplant is based on the property of liver regeneration. In Liver Transplant operation the damaged liver of patient is replaced by the part of liver of liver donor or by the liver of the cadaver donor (a brain dead person). Liver donor is the healthy individual who donates part of his liver. The remaining liver regenerates it self.

Liver transplantation is the replacement of a diseased liver with a healthy liver allograft. Liver transplantation nowadays is a well accepted treatment option for end-stage liver disease and acute liver failure.

General Procedure

Patient comes to Consultant Liver Transplant Surgeon for Liver Transplant Evaluation which involves blood tests, evaluation by hepatologist, chest consultant, cardiologist, psychiatrist, dentist, gynaecologist (in case of female patients) and anaesthetist.

This evaluation tells the current status of the liver disease and duration of time in which liver transplant should take place.

After evaluation, patient is asked to arrange a liver donor or he is put on the cadaver transplant list.

If liver donor is arranged then he/she has to undergo Donor Evaluation which involves blood tests, evaluation by hepatologist, chest consultant, cardiologist, psychiatrist, dentist, gynaecologist (in case of female donors) and anaesthetist.

If the donor is proved fit after the evaluation then the date of transplant is decided. Patient is usually admitted two days prior to surgery and donor is admitted a day before liver transplant.

Care to be taken before Surgery

Try to lead an active life. This may be difficult because of the tiredness and weakness but it is worth persevering.
If your legs are swollen, it may be helpful to raise them while you are resting.

Food

Avoid alcohol intake.
Eat a well-balanced, high-protein diet (only in consultation with your doctor).
Avoid adding salt to meals. Salt may be used in small amounts in cooking.
Avoid fried and oily food
In the later stages, the restricted amount of liquids should be taken (on the advice of your doctor).

Vitamin and mineral supplements may be necessary.

Cirrhosis

Cirrhosis is irreversible scarring of the liver that involves the formation of fibrous (scar) tissue associated with the destruction of the normal architecture of the liver. It is caused by chronic liver disease (generally called CLD). It is the result of long-standing injury most commonly due to alcohol in excess but there are a number of other important causes. The destruction of the normal architecture and the loss of liver cells prevents the liver from functioning normally. It plays an important part in digestion of food but it also has a major role in metabolising drugs and making proteins, including those that help the blood to clot.

Cirrhosis is a serious condition. Only 30 per cent of patients with this problem will survive five years after diagnosis and the outlook is worse if the cause is alcohol and the patient continues to drink. Liver Transplant is the only cure of this condition depending on the other health factors the patient.

Common causes of Cirrhosis

Chronic Liver Disease due to the following care the main causes of liver cirrhosis:

Alcohol excess: the rate of cirrhosis in a country is directly related to the average alcohol consumption in that country. Half of all cases of cirrhosis are due to alcohol excess.
Chronic viral hepatitis: the two important viruses are hepatitis B and hepatitis C. Hepatitis A (infectious hepatitis) does not cause cirrhosis.
Primary biliary cirrhosis: this is an uncommon disease mainly affecting women. It is not due to alcohol. For some reason the body mounts an attack on the liver in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis.
Autoimmune chronic active hepatitis: another uncommon condition that results in the body's immune system attacking and destroying liver cells.
Drugs and chemicals: a number of drugs and chemicals can cause liver damage but few cause cirrhosis. Certain specialised drugs need monitoring for their effect on the liver.
Metabolic and inherited disorders: These are a number of uncommon conditions that allow the accumulation of toxins in the liver. The commonest is haemochromatosis causes excess deposits of iron in the liver.

Symptoms of Liver Cirrhosis

The symptoms will depend on how much damage has occurred to the liver.

In the early stages there may be no symptoms at all and the disease may be discovered as a result of an investigation for another illness.

As the disease progresses, tiredness, weakness, lack of energy, loss of appetite, nausea and weight loss may develop.

In the later stages the liver is struggling to perform all its functions and any or all of the following symptoms may be present.

Jaundice: this is the yellowing of the skin (jaundice) and the eyes due to the failure of the liver to remove a substance called bilirubin from the blood.
Nail changes: the shape and appearance of the nails may change. They may be more curved (clubbing) and they may be white rather than pink.
Skin changes: most of patients will have darkening of the skin. Itching is also a common symptom.
Fluid retention: this is common at some stage in cirrhosis. An important function of the liver is to rid the body of excess fluid through the kidneys and when it fails, fluid gathers in the legs (oedema) or in the abdomen (ascites).
Abnormal blood vessels: the commonest abnormality is a spider naevus, which is a spot surrounded by fine blood vessels. A red face is also common.
Easy bruising: nosebleeds and easy bruising occur as a result of abnormal blood vessels and delayed clotting because the liver does not make enough clotting proteins which results in delayed prothrombin time and lack of platelets (common clotting factor)
Enlargement of breasts in men: the liver destroys the female sex hormones and in cirrhosis these accumulate and cause enlargement of the breasts and shrinking of the testes in men.

In the very late stages of the chronic liver disease, serious complications may occur. These include vomiting of blood, either from ulcers in the stomach or from leaking varicose veins in the lower end of the oesophagus (gullet). This is serious and requires hospital treatment.

The liver is responsible for removing poisonous substances from the blood. In cirrhosis, the blood may bypass the liver and these poisonous substances (mainly ammonia) pass to the brain where they may result in alteration in brain function (sensorium), causing confusion, drowsiness and finally coma. This is called hepatic encephalopathy. This is also serious and requires hospital treatment.

Liver Cancer

There are two ways in which cancer can involve the liver. The cancer can arise from the liver itself (primary liver cancer in which regeneration related tumorogenesis cause hepato cellular carcinoma (HCC)) or it can spread to the liver from a primary tumour at another site (secondary, or metastatic, cancer).

Primary liver cancer can arise from the liver cells themselves (hepatocellular carcinoma) or from the system of tubes that drains the bile from the liver (cholangiocarcinoma, gall bladder cancer). Liver Transplant can be explored as a successful option for treating HCC if it is not involving portal vein or main hepatic vein.

Most patients with primary liver cancer have suffered previously from liver disease such as chronic Hepatitis (due to hepatitis B or C), cirrhosis or, in the less developed world, been exposed to poisons from plants (aflatoxins). Immunisation against hepatitis B might, prevent many cases of primary liver cancer.

Secondary (metastatic) cancer reaches the liver by spreading through the blood system from a primary tumour at a separate site. In about 50 per cent of patients with metastatic liver cancer, the primary tumour is in the abdomen (colon, rectum or stomach). The other common primary sites are the breasts and lungs.

Symptoms of Liver Cancer

The symptoms of cancer involving the liver can include:

tiredness.
loss of appetite.
nausea.
heaviness felt up under the lower ribs on the right hand side of the body.
pain in the upper part of the belly.

In the later stages, the skin can develop a yellowish tinge together with fevers and drenching sweats, particularly at night.